Oil drilling cuttings are rock particles that are ground or broken by drill bits during oil and shale gas drilling. It is brought out of the surface by drilling fluid from the well. Since drilling fluids, especially oil-based drilling fluids contain a large amount of oils, such as diesel oil, crude oil, coal tar, vegetable oil, animal oil, synthetic oil, and mineral oil, oil substances are the main components of oil-based drilling fluids, and their concentrations are generally At 50%-100%. Drilling waste mixed with oil-based drilling fluid and drilling cuttings will be separated and processed to obtain oil-bearing drilling cuttings. If the treatment is not appropriate, it will cause various impacts and hazards to the surrounding environment. Therefore, Oil and gas drilling mud treatment is a very important environmental protection measure.
Technology optimization processing strategy
In the actual treatment process, the solidification control technology of the drilling fluid can be used to complete the solidification control of the waste drilling mud. The solidification control equipment mainly includes: vibrating sand, desander, desilter, centrifuge, etc. In the specific on-site operation process of the relevant practitioners, it is necessary to use the solid phase control technology to treat the waste drilling mud, which can effectively control the discharge of waste and ensure that the discharged waste is non-toxic and harmless, so as to meet the relevant requirements and comply with environmental protection. standard. For the drilling mud that has been discarded, it is necessary to use closed-loop technology for treatment and fully and efficiently utilize solids control equipment. During drilling operations, care should be taken to prevent the leakage of drilling mud. If a small amount of outflow is found, it is normal. If there is a non-failed part, it needs to be recycled and reused, which can not only reduce the labor and material cost of mud treatment. At the same time, it can save land resources and water resources, and achieve the ideal treatment effect.
During the drilling operation, a particularly important part is the solid-liquid separation of the waste drilling fluid. In practice, it is mainly treated by chemical coagulation. Before the implementation of the operation, first select a suitable coagulation aid to separate out the impurities in the waste drilling mud. After the removal work is completed, it will be subjected to oxidation treatment to improve the precipitation effect of suspended particles and colloids. Using this scheme to treat sulfonated mud can achieve ideal treatment effect. In addition, it is necessary to use coagulation aids reasonably according to the content and state of impurities in the mud to achieve the effect of treating the mud.
Instead of using mud pools to process and store waste mud, the use of drilling mud not to fall on the ground can effectively prevent waste mud from contacting the surrounding environment and reduce environmental pollution. Using the drilling fluid treatment technology without landing, the waste drilling fluid can be recycled in real time, and flocculants can also be added to the waste drilling mud to carry out solid-liquid separation measures. During the drilling construction process, the relevant practitioners need to pay attention to pre-treat the bottom of the mud tank, and can lay an anti-seepage film on its surface to effectively avoid mud leakage and pollute the environment. The use of non-falling construction technology to treat waste drilling mud can effectively eliminate the problem of waste drilling fluid polluting the environment during the construction process, and speed up the drilling construction progress, reduce operating costs, and increase productivity.
(4) Optimizing drilling mud treatment technologies
In the actual drilling process, with the continuous increase of the drilling depth, a large amount of impurities and foreign matter will be mixed into the drilling fluid, most of which are gravel and debris from the deep soil. Therefore, it is necessary to use a recovery system to recycle the drilling fluid. When recycling waste drilling mud, flocculants and coagulants need to be added to separate solid waste and liquid waste in waste drilling fluid. Among them, it should be noted that since the efficiency of the drilling fluid in the secondary treatment process is difficult to improve, the cost of processing the drilling fluid is increased. Therefore, in actual operation, the traditional and extensive processing method is sometimes chosen, but this method is not desirable. It should start from the direction of updating process and upgrading technology to save costs. Because only reasonable control and scientific management can effectively improve the quality of drilling construction, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing environmental pollution caused by waste drilling mud.
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